Development of a Two-Wheel Inverted Pendulum and a Cable Climbing Robot

The research work in this thesis constitutes two parts: one is the development and control of a Two-wheel inverted pendulum (TWIP) robot and the other is the design and manufacturing of a cable climbing robot (CCR) for suspension bridge inspection. The first part of this research investigates a sliding mode controller for self-balancing and stabilizing a two-wheel inverted pendulum (TWIP) robot. The TWIP robot is constructed by using two DC gear motors with a high-resolution encoder and zero backlashes, but with friction. It is a highly nonlinear and unstable system, which poses challenges for controller design. In this study, a dynamic mathematical model is built using the Lagrangian function method. And a sliding mode controller (SMC) is proposed for auto-balancing and yaw rotation. A gyro and an accelerometer are adopted to measure the pitch angle and pitch rate. The effect on the sensor’s installation location is analyzed and compensated, and the precision of the pose estimation is improved accordingly. A comparison of the proposed SMC controller with a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller and state feedback controller (SFC) with linear quadratic regulation (LQR) has been conducted. The simulation and experimental test results demonstrate the SMC controller outperforms the PID controller and SFC in terms of transient performance and disturbance rejection ability. In the second part of the research, a wheel-based cable climbing robotic system which can climb up and down the cylindrical cables for the inspection of the suspension bridges is designed and manufactured. Firstly, a rubber track climbing mechanism is designed to generate enough adhesion force for the robot to stick to the surface of a cable and the driving force for the robot to climb up and down the cable, while not too big to damage the cable. The climbing system includes chains and sprockets driven by the DC motors and adhesion system. The unique design of the adhesion mechanism lies in that it can maintain the adhesion force even when the power is lost while the system works as a suspension mechanism. Finally, a safe-landing mechanism is developed to guarantee the safety of the robot during inspection operations on cables. The robot has been fully tested in the inspection of Xili bridge, Guangzhou, P.R. China

Comparison Of Sliding Mode Controller And State Feedback Controller Having Linear Quadratic Regulator (Lqr) On A Two-Wheel Inverted Pendulum Robot: Design And Experiments

The current paper investigates two control methods for stabilizing a two-wheel inverted pendulum (TWIP) robot. It is well-known that the controller in the mobile robot plays a critical role in self-balancing and stabilizing. The TWIP robot has two DC gear motors with a high-resolution encoder and zero backlash, but with friction. It is a highly nonlinear and unstable system, which poses challenges for controller design. In this paper, a mathematical dynamic model is built using Lagrangian function method. Furthermore, a sliding mode controller (SMC) is proposed for auto-balancing and yaw rotation. A comparison of the proposed SMC controller and linear quadratic regulator (LQR) has been conducted. The experimental test results demonstrate the SMC controller outperforms (LQR) in terms of transient performance and disturbance rejection ability